In an office or production environment, sharing documents between different applications and operating systems is a common issue. If you need to create, open, and edit Microsoft Word documents in Linux, you can use LibreOffice Writer or AbiWord. Both are robust word processing applications that can read and write files in Word .doc and .docx formats.
If you need command-line tools that extract the text from Word files, Antiword (.doc files) and docx2txt (.docx) are useful programs to have at your disposal.
In this tutorial, we'll look at these four applications and how you can use them. We'll walk through installing them on several of the most popular Linux distributions, including Debian, Ubuntu, Fedora, OpenSUSE, CentOS, and Arch Linux. We'll also help with installing the core Microsoft TrueType fonts on your Linux system.
- Antiword (.doc -> text)
- Docx2txt (.docx -> text)
LibreOffice
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LibreOffice is a free, open-source, actively maintained and frequently updated office productivity suite that is compatible with Microsoft Office applications, including Microsoft Word. You can save your LibreOffice Writer documents in .doc or .docx format, and then either opens correctly in Microsoft Word.
Installing LibreOffice
LibreOffice can be installed using your package manager. To install it, open a terminal and use the following command appropriate for your operating system:
Debian 8, Ubuntu 15
Fedora 23
OpenSUSE 10
CentOS 7
Arch Linux 2016
Once LibreOffice is installed, it should appear in the Applications menu of your GUI. You can also run it from a terminal with the command:
AbiWord
AbiWord is another free and open-source word processor. It has a clean, simple interface developed for almost twenty years. Like LibreOffice, it can open, edit, and save Microsoft Word .doc and .docx files. Unlike LibreOffice, Abiword is not a complete office suite, so it has a smaller footprint and consumes fewer system resources.
Installing AbiWord
Debian 8, Ubuntu 15
Fedora 23
OpenSUSE 10
CentOS 7
Arch Linux 2016
Antiword
Antiword is a command-line tool that can convert the contents of a .doc file to plain text.
NoteAntiword only converts .doc files. If you need to convert a .docx file, see docx2txt in the next section.
Using Antiword
Running antiword with the name of a Word .doc file will output the plain text of the file to standard output.
Antiword does a great job of formatting tables. It also has options for including images as PostScript objects and outputting to PDF.
You can redirect the output to a text file:
Or, if you want to open it directly in a text editor, you can pipe the text to vim:
Or pico:
Installing antiword
Debian 8, Ubuntu 15
Fedora 23
OpenSUSE 10
CentOS 7
Docx2txt
Docx2txt is a command-line tool that converts .docx files to plain text. (It does not convert .doc files.)
To print the contents of a .docx file to the terminal screen or a file, call docx2txt and specify a dash as the output file name. In this example, notice the dash at the end of the command.
To convert a .docx file and output to a text file, use the command form:
Or:
To open the .docx text in vim, use the command form:
To open it in nano:
To install doc2txt, follow the instructions for your version of Linux below:
Debian 8
Ubuntu 15
Fedora 23
Fedora's repositories do not offer a package for docx2txt, but you can install it manually:
Download the source from SourceForge's docx2txt page. Extract the archive:
You need to make sure that perl, unzip and make are installed on your system, so install or upgrade those packages now:
Then, run make as the root user to install:
Docx2txt is now installed as docx2txt.sh. For instance, to convert the file word-document.docx to a text file, you can run:
The converted text file will automatically be saved as word-document.txt.
OpenSUSE 10
SUSE repositories do not offer a package for docx2txt, but you can download it from SourceForge's docx2txt page. Extract the archive:
You need to make sure that perl, unzip and make are installed on your system, so install or upgrade those packages now:
Then, run make as root to install:
Docx2txt is now installed as docx2txt.sh. For instance, to convert the file word-document.docx to a text file, you can run:
The converted text file will automatically be saved as word-document.txt.
CentOS 7
CentOS repositories do not offer a package for docx2txt, but you can download it from SourceForge's docx2txt page. Extract the archive:
You need to make sure that perl, unzip and make are installed on your system, so install or upgrade those packages now:
Then, run make as root to install:
Docx2txt is now installed as docx2txt.sh. For instance, to convert the file word-document.docx to a text file, you can run:
The converted text file will automatically be saved as word-document.txt.
Arch Linux 2016
Installing Microsoft-compatible fonts
The core Microsoft fonts are available on Linux, and you should install them if you are going to be working with Microsoft Word files — especially if they were created on a Windows system. The core fonts include:
- Andale Mono
- Arial
- Arial Black
- Calabri
- Cambria
- Comic
- Courier
- Impact
- Times
- Trebuchet
- Verdana
- Webdings
To install them, follow these steps:
Debian 8, Ubuntu 15
Fedora 23
Download the msttcore installer RPM package from SourceForge.
Install packages required for installation:
Then install the local RPM package:
OpenSUSE 10
Download the msttcore installer RPM package from SourceForge.
Install packages required for installation:
Then install the local RPM package:
CentOS 7
Download the msttcore installer RPM package from SourceForge.
Install packages required for installation:
Then install the local RPM package:
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Arch Linux 2016
Download the msttcore installer RPM package from SourceForge.
Install packages required for installation:
Extract the contents of the local RPM package:
This command extracts the raw contents of the RPM file and creates two directories, etc and usr that correspond to your /etc and /usr directories. The font files themselves are located in usr/share/fonts/msttcore.